丧生 - sàngshēng - to die / to lose one's life
失踪 - shīzōng - to be missing / to disappear / unaccounted for
砸 - zá - to smash / to pound / to fail / to muck up / to bungle
废墟 - fèixū - ruins
掩埋 - yǎnmái - to bury
截肢 - jiézhī - amputation (medicine) / to amputate
夺得 - duódé - to force one's way / to achieve by force / to seize (power)
斩获 - zhǎnhuò - garner / win / gain
假肢 - jiǎzhī - artificial limb / prosthetic
深造 - shēnzào - to pursue one's studies
当选 - dāngxuǎn - to be elected
坍塌 - tāntā - to collapse
救治 - jiùzhì - to rescue and give medical treatment
骨干 - gǔgàn - diaphysis (long segment of a bone) / fig. backbone
倒塌 - dǎotā - to collapse (of building) / to topple over
失利 - shīlì - to lose / to suffer defeat
毅然 - yìrán - firmly / resolutely / without hesitation
如愿 - rúyuàn - to have one's wishes fulfilled
例外 - lìwài - exception / to be an exception
幼年 - yòunián - childhood / infancy
脑海 - nǎohǎi - the mind / the brain
参军入伍 - cānjūnrùwǔ - to join the army / to enlist in the military
初心 - chūxīn - (one's) original intention / aspiration etc.

汶川地震 - Wènchuān Dìzhèn - Great Sichuan Earthquake (2008)
汶川县 - Wènchuān xiàn - Wenchuan county (Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang autonomous prefecture, northwest Sichuan)
残奥会 - Cán Àohuì - Paralympic Games
亚残运会 - Yà Cán Yùnhuì - Asian Para Games (multi-sport event regulated by the Asian Paralympic Committee that's held every four years after every Asian Games for athletes with physical disabilities)
全国自强模范 - Quánguó Zìqiáng Mófàn - National Self-Improvement Model (award)
解放军 - Jiěfàngjūn - People's Liberation Army

坚持不懈 - jiānchíbùxiè - to persevere unremittingly / to keep going until the end
救死扶伤 - jiùsǐfúshāng - to help the dying and heal the injured