Place + 有 + Object - Expressing the existence of an object in a certain place with "Place + yǒu + Object" (similar to "there is" or "there are")
英国有一匹小马是“画家”
英国有一个大学生，她的名字叫Elodie Poncin。

Measure Word - Expressing the number of sth with an object specific measure word in the form of "Number + Measure Word + Noun" (if the number is one, you can omit it and use the measure word by itself)
英国有一匹小马是“画家”
英国有一个大学生，她的名字叫Elodie Poncin。
她有一匹马，这匹马12岁。
人们都说它是一匹小马“画家”。

Noun 1 + 是 + Noun 2 - Expressing that Noun 1 "is" Noun 2 with "Noun 1 + shì + Noun 2" (是 is only used to link two nouns, it cannot be used to link a noun and an adjective)
英国有一匹小马是“画家”
人们都说它是一匹小马“画家”。

Noun / Pronoun + 的 + Noun - Expressing a possessive particle with "Noun / Pronoun + de + Noun" (indicate a relationship of possessor / possession)
英国有一个大学生，她的名字叫Elodie Poncin。
Poncin教她的小马画画。

Subject + 叫 + Name - Expressing sb or sth's name with "Subject + jiào + Name"
英国有一个大学生，她的名字叫Elodie Poncin。

Subject + 有 + Object - Expressing that the subject "has" an object with "Subject + yǒu + Object"
她有一匹马，这匹马12岁。

这 / 那 + Measure Word + Noun - Expressing "this… / that…" with "zhè / nà + Measure Word + Noun"
她有一匹马，这匹马12岁。

Subject + Number + 岁 - Expressing the age of the subject with "Subject + Number + suì"
她有一匹马，这匹马12岁。

Verb / Verb Phrase + 了 - Expressing that an action has been completed with "Verb / Verb Phrase + le"
小马学习了几个星期后，它画的画很漂亮。

几 + Measure Word + Noun - Expressing "several / a couple / a few…" with "jǐ + Measure Word + Noun" (usually for numbers under 10)
小马学习了几个星期后，它画的画很漂亮。

Time or Verb Phrase + (以)后 - Expressing "after" a specific time or action with "Time or Verb Phrase + (yǐ)hòu"
小马学习了几个星期后，它画的画很漂亮。

Phrase + 的 + Noun - Expressed to link a noun to a preceding phrase with "Phrase + de + Noun"
小马学习了几个星期后，它画的画很漂亮。

Noun / Pronoun + 很 + Adj. - Expressing "very" or to link a noun or pronoun and an adjective with "Noun / Pronoun + hěn + Adj." (sometimes the 很 is translated as "very" but often it is a link between a noun and an adjective)
小马学习了几个星期后，它画的画很漂亮。

Noun + 们 - Expressing the plural form of a noun with "Noun + men"
人们都说它是一匹小马“画家”。

Subject + 都 + Verb / Verb Phrase - Expressing "all / every" to emphasise the quantity with "Subject + 都 + Verb / Verb Phrase" (都 emphasises the quantity or frequent occurrence)
人们都说它是一匹小马“画家”。